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Kerr-Nonlinearity-Induced Mode-Splitting in Optical Microresonators.

George N Ghalanos1,2,3, Jonathan M Silver2,4, Leonardo Del Bino2,5

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|June 23, 2020
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We demonstrate Kerr nonlinearity splitting optical microresonator resonances for two lasers. This effect, induced by self- and cross-phase modulation, enables simultaneous resonance in a single mode, crucial for photonic devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Nonlinear Optics
  • Quantum Optics

Background:

  • The Kerr effect in optical microresonators is fundamental for integrated photonic devices.
  • It enables phenomena like third harmonic generation, four-wave mixing, and frequency comb generation.
  • Understanding and controlling nonlinear effects in microresonators is key for advanced optical functionalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally demonstrate and characterize Kerr nonlinearity-induced resonance splitting in ultra-high-Q microresonators.
  • To investigate the use of self- and cross-phase modulation for splitting resonances.
  • To explore applications of controlled resonance splitting in photonic devices.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a pump-probe spectroscopy scheme.
  • Employing two continuous-wave lasers to induce and probe resonance splitting.
  • Measuring power-dependent resonance splittings in ultra-high-Q microresonators.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated Kerr nonlinearity splitting of microresonator resonances for two continuous-wave lasers.
  • Observed resonance splittings up to 35 cavity linewidths (52 MHz) at 10 mW pump power.
  • Achieved resonance splitting by one cavity linewidth with only 286 μW of pump power.
  • Showcased threefold resonance splitting considering four-wave mixing and counterpropagating probe lasers.

Conclusions:

  • Kerr nonlinearity enables precise optical control over microresonator mode splitting.
  • The demonstrated effect allows simultaneous resonance of two lasers in a single mode, counterintuitively.
  • These Kerr splittings offer potential for applications in optomechanics, optical memories, and tunable spectral filters.