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Sleep Disturbance in Scleroderma.

Fernanda Pirajá Figueiredo1, Gabriela Diniz Aires, Renato Nisihara

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Systemic scleroderma (SSc) patients frequently experience sleep disturbances, impacting their quality of life. This sleep issue is linked to disease severity and depression in SSc patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Quality of Life Research

Background:

  • Sleep quality is often compromised in patients with systemic scleroderma (SSc), potentially diminishing their overall quality of life.
  • Understanding the prevalence and correlates of sleep disturbance in SSc is crucial for patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of sleep disturbance in SSc patients.
  • To investigate associations between sleep disturbance and epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data, as well as depression.
  • To examine the relationship between sleep disturbance and quality of life in SSc patients.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 60 SSc patients.
  • Data collection included epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and treatment variables from medical records.
  • Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), depression with the Center for Epidemiological Scale-Depression (CES-D), and quality of life with the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12).
  • Disease severity was evaluated using the Medsger index and skin involvement by the modified Rodnan index.

Main Results:

  • A high prevalence of sleep disturbance was observed in 73.3% of SSc patients.
  • Sleep disturbance correlated significantly with esophageal involvement (p = 0.03), higher disease severity (Medsger index, p = 0.01), and increased depressive mood (p = 0.002).
  • Patients reporting poor sleep quality exhibited significantly worse quality of life in both mental (p = 0.001) and physical (p = 0.0008) domains.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep disturbance is highly prevalent in systemic scleroderma patients.
  • Key factors associated with sleep disturbance include esophageal involvement, disease severity, and depression.
  • Impaired sleep quality in SSc is directly linked to a diminished quality of life.