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The Creation of a Rat Model for Osteosarcopenia via Ovariectomy
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Uremic Sarcopenia: Clinical Evidence and Basic Experimental Approach.

Hiroshi Nishi1, Koji Takemura1, Takaaki Higashihara1

  • 1Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.

Nutrients
|June 24, 2020
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Summary

Physical activity is key for healthy aging. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients may develop uremic sarcopenia, a muscle-wasting condition, but nutrition and exercise can help manage it.

Keywords:
kidneysarcopeniaskeletal muscleuremia

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Gerontology
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Sarcopenia, characterized by decreased muscle mass and strength, impacts healthy aging and is exacerbated by chronic illnesses.
  • Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often experience frailty and cachexia, leading to uremic sarcopenia or myopathy.
  • Uremic sarcopenia arises from an imbalance in muscle protein synthesis and catabolism, further complicated by declining renal function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review clinical evidence linking reduced physical activity to deteriorating renal function.
  • To explore evidence-supported nutritional and physical training interventions for uremic sarcopenia.
  • To highlight molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies for uremic sarcopenia identified through basic research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical evidence on physical activity in CKD patients.
  • Exploration of nutritional and exercise-based therapeutic options.
  • Analysis of in vivo studies, including rodent models of renal dysfunction and muscle weakness.

Main Results:

  • Clinical data show reduced physical activity correlates with worsening kidney function.
  • Nutritional support and physical training are identified as promising interventions.
  • Basic research has illuminated molecular pathways and potential treatments for uremic sarcopenia.

Conclusions:

  • Uremic sarcopenia is a significant concern in CKD, impacting patient quality of life.
  • Dietary interventions and exercise therapy show potential for improving outcomes in CKD patients with sarcopenia.
  • Further research is essential to fully understand and address locomotive organ impairments in CKD.