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Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma in Children.
Claire E Graves1, Jessica E Gosnell1
1Department of Surgery, Endocrine Surgery Section, University of California, San Francisco.
Seminars in Pediatric Surgery
|June 24, 2020
Summary
Genetic screening and prophylactic surgery significantly improve survival for children with inherited medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), often linked to multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) syndromes. Early detection and intervention are crucial for pediatric MTC management.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Oncology
- Genetics
Background:
- Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) in children is predominantly hereditary.
- It is often associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) syndromes, specifically MEN2A and MEN2B, and familial MTC.
- Genetic screening identifies at-risk infants and children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize current recommendations for screening, treatment, and surveillance of pediatric MTC.
- To provide a clinically relevant review for pediatric practitioners.
- To emphasize the importance of early intervention for improved outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Review of current clinical guidelines and literature on pediatric MTC.
- Focus on genetic screening protocols.
- Analysis of treatment and surveillance strategies.
Main Results:
- Prophylactic surgery in genetically identified infants and children offers the highest survival rates.
- Early detection through genetic screening is paramount.
- Comprehensive management includes screening, timely treatment, and ongoing surveillance.
Conclusions:
- Genetic screening and prophylactic surgery are essential for managing hereditary MTC in children.
- Adherence to established screening and treatment protocols improves patient survival.
- Pediatric practitioners require updated guidance for effective MTC care.
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