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A nomogram to predict cadmium-induced renal tubular dysfunction.

Xinru Wang1, Xin Chen1, Weiming He2

  • 1Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.

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This study developed a nomogram model to predict individuals at high risk for cadmium-induced renal dysfunction. The tool uses factors like age, sex, and blood cadmium levels for early risk assessment.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Toxicology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Cadmium exposure poses a risk to kidney function, with individual susceptibility varying.
  • Identifying individuals at high risk for cadmium-induced renal dysfunction is crucial for preventative measures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a nomogram model for predicting high-risk cadmium-induced renal tubular dysfunction.
  • To identify key risk factors associated with cadmium nephrotoxicity.

Main Methods:

  • A nomogram model was constructed using data from 342 subjects in cadmium-polluted areas.
  • Logistic regression identified risk factors including age, sex, blood cadmium (BCd), and total cadmium (TCd).
  • Internal validation utilized bootstrap self-sampling and calibration curves, assessing predictive accuracy with C-index and AUC.

Main Results:

  • The nomogram demonstrated good predictive performance across different population groups.
  • C-indices ranged from 0.74 to 0.78, and Area Under the Curve (AUC) values ranged from 0.74 to 0.82.
  • The model effectively integrated demographic and cadmium exposure data to assess renal dysfunction risk.

Conclusions:

  • A nomogram model serves as a rapid and simple tool for assessing the risk of cadmium-induced renal tubular dysfunction.
  • This tool can aid in identifying susceptible individuals for targeted interventions.
  • The study highlights the utility of nomograms in environmental health risk assessment.