Stafne's bone defect with bicortical perforation: a need for modified classification system

Area of Science:

• Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
• Pathology
• Anatomy

Background:

• Stafne bone defect (SBD) is an asymptomatic bone cavity in the mandible, typically caused by salivary gland impingement.
• Posterior lingual variants of SBD, related to the submandibular gland, are common incidental findings on panoramic radiographs.
• These defects usually involve the lingual cortex and are characterized by a smooth radiopaque periphery.

Observation:

• This case report presents an extremely rare presentation of a salivary gland bone defect involving both buccal and lingual mandibular cortices.
• Unlike previously described cases with buccal cortical expansion, this instance features buccal cortical perforation.
• The defect was incidentally discovered on panoramic radiographs, necessitating advanced imaging for detailed evaluation.

Findings:

• The study describes a unique case of Stafne bone defect with perforation of the buccal cortex, a presentation not previously documented in the literature.
• Three-dimensional imaging was utilized to assess the extent of cortical involvement and the nature of the defect's content.
• The defect exhibited characteristics of a typical SBD but with an unusual extension to the buccal side.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of considering rare presentations of Stafne bone defects in differential diagnosis.
• The findings suggest a need for a revised classification system for salivary gland-related bone defects to accommodate presentations like buccal cortical perforation.
• Accurate diagnosis and classification are crucial for appropriate management and understanding the etiology of these mandibular bone defects.