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Rotavirus vaccination and intussusception: a paradigm shift?

Volker Vetter1, Priya Pereira1, Bernd Benninghoff1

  • 1GSK Vaccines , Wavre, Belgium.

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
|June 24, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus vaccination may prevent intussusception (IS) cases. Natural rotavirus infection is a risk factor for IS, suggesting vaccines could improve the benefit-risk profile by reducing IS incidence in infants.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Vaccinology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Rotavirus (RV) is a primary cause of severe gastroenteritis in young children.
  • Concerns about intussusception (IS) risk in infants following RV vaccination exist.
  • RV infection itself may be an independent risk factor for IS in infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the potential benefit of rotavirus vaccination in preventing intussusception (IS).
  • To explore the role of natural rotavirus infection as a risk factor for IS.
  • To refine the understanding of the RV vaccine benefit-risk profile regarding IS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on rotavirus infection, RV vaccination, and intussusception.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data on IS incidence and its association with RV disease.
  • Assessment of the etiological link between RV infection and IS development.

Main Results:

  • Rotavirus disease is suggested as an independent risk factor for intussusception in infants.
  • RV vaccination may offer a protective effect against IS by preventing RV infection.
  • The positive benefit-risk profile of RV vaccination could be enhanced by IS prevention.

Conclusions:

  • Rotavirus vaccination holds potential for reducing intussusception cases in infants.
  • Further research is needed to precisely quantify the risk of IS attributable to rotavirus disease.
  • Optimizing RV vaccination strategies may improve infant health outcomes by mitigating IS risk.

Keywords:
Rotavirusbowel obstructiongastroenteritisintussusceptionvaccination

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