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Related Concept Videos

Cell Migration01:19

Cell Migration

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Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
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Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
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Chemotaxis and Direction of Cell Migration01:21

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Cells can detect chemical cues in their environment and reorganize the cytoskeleton to migrate toward them or away from them. This directional migration, called chemotaxis, is essential during embryogenesis and development, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration, and reproduction. These chemical cues can either attract or repel the cell's movement. For example, axon development is determined by a combination of chemoattractants and chemorepellents that direct the growing axon...
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Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration01:32

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A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
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Actin is a family of globular proteins that are highly abundant in eukaryotic cells. It makes up approximately 1-5% of total cell protein concentration. Actin monomers polymerize to form a complex network of polarized filaments, the actin cytoskeleton, that plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell motility, division, endocytosis, and metastasis of cancer cells.
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Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 17, 2025

Traction Microscopy Integrated with Microfluidics for Chemotactic Collective Migration
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Traction Microscopy Integrated with Microfluidics for Chemotactic Collective Migration

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wERKing the Waves in Collective Cell Migration.

Yan Yun Ignacius Tay1, Yusuke Toyama2

  • 1Mechanobiology Institute, Singapore 117411, Singapore.

Developmental Cell
|June 24, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals how cells coordinate migration. Intracellular ERK signaling waves connect with cell-to-cell force sensing to guide collective epithelial cell movement.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Biophysics
  • Developmental biology

Background:

  • Collective cell migration is crucial for development and disease.
  • The interplay between mechanical forces and biochemical signals in cell movement is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the coupling mechanisms between intercellular force transmission and intracellular biochemical signaling during collective cell migration.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized advanced imaging techniques to observe signaling dynamics in real-time.
  • Employed biophysical methods to measure forces between cells.
  • Investigated the role of Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase (ERK) signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that ERK signaling propagates in waves across migrating epithelial tissues.
  • Showed that these ERK waves are coupled with intercellular force transmission.
  • Identified this coupling as a key mechanism directing collective cell migration.

Conclusions:

  • ERK signaling waves act as a crucial link between mechanical cues and cellular behavior in collective migration.
  • This finding provides new insights into the regulation of tissue morphogenesis and wound healing.