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Sleeve Gastrectomy in Mice using Surgical Clips
Published on: November 14, 2020
Can surgical weight loss reduce the risk of developing coronary heart disease?
David Gutierrez-Blanco1, David Romero-Funes1, Joel S Frieder1
1Department of General Surgery, Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinc Florida, Weston, Florida.
Insights
Bariatric surgery, particularly laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, significantly reduces the risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD). This surgical weight loss intervention leads to substantial improvements in cardiovascular risk factors within 12 months.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Bariatric Surgery
- Preventive Medicine
Background:
- Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of mortality in the United States, accounting for one-third of deaths in adults over 35.
- Obesity is a significant risk factor for CHD and other cardiovascular diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of bariatric surgery on the risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD).
- To specifically assess the effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on CHD risk.
- To analyze changes in CHD risk scores and associated metabolic factors post-surgery.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 1330 patients who underwent bariatric surgery between 2010 and 2016.
- Inclusion criteria: age 30-74 years, no prior history of CHD.
- Coronary heart disease risk score assessed preoperatively and at 12 months post-surgery.
Main Results:
- A cohort of 225 patients had complete data for CHD risk score calculation.
- Preoperative CHD risk was significantly elevated (8.9 ± 7.7%), with high prevalence of prehypertension, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension.
- After 12 months, significant reductions in CHD risk were observed: 2.7% absolute and 42.0% relative risk reduction in females, and 5.4% absolute and 38.8% relative risk reduction in males.
- All metabolic factors contributing to CHD risk showed significant improvement.
Conclusions:
- Bariatric surgery is an effective intervention for reducing the risk of developing coronary heart disease.
- Surgical weight loss leads to significant improvements in cardiovascular risk profiles.
- Long-term follow-up studies are recommended to further validate these findings.
Background:
Coronary heart disease (CHD) accounts for one third of all deaths in people older than 35 years in the United States.
Objectives:
The aim of this study is to determine the impact of bariatric surgery, especially laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, on the risk of developing CHD.
Setting:
Academic, University affiliated hospital.
Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed all patients who underwent bariatric surgery from 2010-2016. All patients between 30 and 74 years of age without a previous history of CHD were included in our study. The risk score for predicting the incidence of CHD was measured preoperatively and at 12 months of follow-up.
Results:
Of the 1330 patients studied, 225 patients (16.9%) had all the required variables to calculate the CHD risk score. The mean age of our population was 51.4 ± 11.3 years, mostly female (67%, n = 152) and white (58.7%, n = 132). At the preoperative setting, our patient population had a systolic blood pressure in the prehypertensive ranges, with 40% (n = 90) having type 2 diabetes and 60% (n = 134) having arterial hypertension. The preoperative CHD preoperative risk was 8.9 ± 7.7% or 8-fold higher than the ideal risk. After 12 months of follow-up, the CHD absolute risk reduction was 2.7%, and the relative risk reduction was 42.0% for female patients and 5.4% and 38.8%, respectively, for male patients. All the metabolic factors used to calculate the risk of developing CHD had a significant improvement after 12 months.
Conclusions:
Surgical weight loss reduces the risk of developing CHD. Further studies should assess these findings in a long-term follow-up.
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