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Updated: Dec 17, 2025

Mapping Dysfunctional Protein-Protein Interactions in Disease
Published on: October 24, 2025
Asymmetry between Activators and Deactivators in Functional Protein Networks
Ammar Tareen1,2, Ned S Wingreen3,4, Ranjan Mukhopadhyay5
1Department of Physics, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts, 01610, USA.
Abstract:
Are "turn-on" and "turn-off" functions in protein-protein interaction networks exact opposites of each other? To answer this question, we implement a minimal model for the evolution of functional protein-interaction networks using a sequence-based mutational algorithm, and apply the model to study neutral drift in networks that yield oscillatory dynamics. We study the roles of activators and deactivators, two core components of oscillatory protein interaction networks, and find a striking asymmetry in the roles of activating and deactivating proteins, where activating proteins tend to be synergistic and deactivating proteins tend to be competitive.
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