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GM-CSF-based treatments in COVID-19: reconciling opposing therapeutic approaches

Frederick M Lang1, Kevin M-C Lee2, John R Teijaro3

  • 1Roivant Sciences Inc., New York, NY, USA.

Nature Reviews. Immunology
|June 25, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Therapeutics for COVID-19 are needed. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has contrasting roles, with both its administration and inhibition being explored in clinical trials.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) necessitates novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a key regulator of immune responses in the lungs.
  • GM-CSF influences alveolar macrophage function, lung inflammation, and immune pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted biological functions of GM-CSF.
  • To evaluate the rationale for both stimulating and inhibiting GM-CSF in COVID-19.
  • To discuss the ongoing clinical investigations of GM-CSF-based therapies for COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of GM-CSF biology.
  • Analysis of scientific evidence supporting therapeutic interventions.
  • Discussion of current clinical trial data.

Main Results:

  • GM-CSF exhibits diverse roles in immune cell regulation and inflammation.
  • Evidence suggests potential benefits for both GM-CSF administration and inhibition in different COVID-19 contexts.
  • Clinical trials are actively investigating these opposing therapeutic strategies.

Conclusions:

  • The complex biology of GM-CSF presents unique challenges and opportunities for COVID-19 treatment.
  • Targeting GM-CSF offers a promising avenue for developing effective COVID-19 therapeutics.
  • Further research is crucial to elucidate the optimal use of GM-CSF modulation in managing COVID-19.

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