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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 17, 2025

Cell Type-specific Gene Expression Profiling in the Mouse Liver
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Profiling the circulating mRNA transcriptome in human liver disease.

Aejaz Sayeed1, Brielle E Dalvano1, David E Kaplan2,3

  • 1Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Doylestown, PA, USA.

Oncotarget
|June 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers profiled circulating messenger RNA (mRNA) in liver disease patients. They found specific mRNA biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, suggesting mRNA

Keywords:
biomarkerscirculating transcriptsextracellular vesicleshepatocellular carcinomaliver cirrhosis

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Circulating cell-free DNA and microRNA (miRNA) are known in human plasma.
  • The presence and utility of circulating messenger RNA (mRNA) as biomarkers remain less understood.
  • Liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are significant liver diseases requiring better diagnostic tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To profile the human circulating mRNA transcriptome in individuals with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
  • To determine if circulating mRNA analytes can serve as effective biomarkers for liver disease detection.
  • To investigate the consistency and specificity of circulating mRNA expression.

Main Methods:

  • RNA sequencing (RNAseq) was employed to analyze circulating mRNA in plasma samples from HCC and LC patients.
  • Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used for validation in an independent cohort.
  • Expression levels were analyzed in HCC tumor and liver cancer cell lines to confirm liver specificity.

Main Results:

  • Transcripts from over 19,000 protein-coding genes were detected in circulating plasma mRNA.
  • Circulating mRNA expression levels showed remarkable consistency across individuals.
  • Liver-specific transcripts (e.g., ALB, APO, FGL1) were significantly upregulated in HCC patients compared to controls.
  • Several cancer-associated transcripts were detected in HCC samples but not in healthy subjects.
  • Liver-specific circulating mRNA was found predominantly outside extracellular vesicles.

Conclusions:

  • The circulating mRNA transcriptome exhibits high consistency in diversity and expression among individuals.
  • The detection of disease-selective transcripts indicates the potential of circulating mRNA as a biomarker analyte for cancer detection.
  • Circulating mRNA holds promise as a non-invasive biomarker for diagnosing liver cancer.