Effect of dexamethasone on corneal endothelial function in Fuchs' dystrophy

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Corneal Science
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy is a progressive corneal disease.
• Stromal edema is a common complication, and topical steroids are sometimes used.
• The efficacy of topical steroids in Fuchs' dystrophy is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the effects of topical dexamethasone on endothelial function in Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy.
• To compare the outcomes of dexamethasone treatment versus placebo.

Main Methods:

• A randomized, placebo-controlled study involving 13 patients with Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy.
• One eye was treated with 0.1% dexamethasone phosphate, the contralateral eye with placebo, four times daily for 7 days.
• Measurements included intraocular pressure, corneal thickness, endothelial permeability, and endothelial pump rate.

Main Results:

• No significant changes in endothelial permeability or pump rate were observed in the dexamethasone-treated eyes.
• Placebo-treated eyes showed a significant decrease in endothelial permeability and pump rate.
• A significant difference in the change of endothelial pump rate was noted between the dexamethasone and placebo groups.

Conclusions:

• Topical dexamethasone did not demonstrate a beneficial effect on endothelial function in Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy.
• The study data do not support the use of topical steroids for treating stromal edema in this condition.