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Construction of Modular Hydrogel Sheets for Micropatterned Macro-scaled 3D Cellular Architecture
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Guiding Cell Network Assembly using Shape-Morphing Hydrogels.

John M Viola1, Catherine M Porter1, Ananya Gupta1

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|June 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed "kinomorphs," shape-morphing extracellular matrix (ECM) materials, to control tissue self-organization over large scales. These engineered materials enable centimeter-scale control of epithelial tubule formation for advanced tissue engineering.

Keywords:
cell patterningprogrammable materialsshape-morphingsynthetic biologytissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Developmental Biology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Cell-matrix interactions and mechanical forces drive tissue self-organization.
  • Current engineering methods have limited spatial control, hindering large tissue construction.
  • Developing methods to control tissue formation over larger scales is critical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce kinomorphs, novel shape-morphing extracellular matrix (ECM) materials.
  • To demonstrate kinomorphs' ability to control multicellular network self-organization.
  • To advance organ-scale tissue construction through enhanced spatial control.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized photolithography to pattern single cells into large ECM sheets (>10x previous scale).
  • Designed kinomorph patterns mimicking embryonic kidney epithelial geometry.
  • Employed origami-inspired simulations to predict kinomorph shape changes.
  • Investigated kinomorph dynamics for centimeter-scale control of epithelial tubule formation.

Main Results:

  • Kinomorphs rationally control shape, size, and density based on cell contractility.
  • Demonstrated manipulation of epithelial cell structure-forming behaviors across multiple spatial locations simultaneously.
  • Achieved centimeter-scale programming of epithelial tubule formation (≈50 µm diameter) via cell coalescence and maturation.
  • Successfully created large-scale ECM sheets using novel photolithographic techniques.

Conclusions:

  • Kinomorphs offer unprecedented spatial control over tissue self-organization.
  • This technology significantly advances the potential for constructing large, structurally mature tissues.
  • Kinomorphs represent a promising tool for organoid development and organ-scale tissue engineering.