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Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilation of the Brachial Artery in Clinical Research
Published on: October 22, 2014
Ankle-brachial Index and associated factors in individuals with coronary artery disease
Saulo Henrique Salgueiro de Aquino1, Isabelle Tenório Melo1, Carlos Dornels Freire de Souza2
1. Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Campus Arapiraca, Arapiraca, AL, Brasil.
Insights
Age, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension are key risk factors for peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAOD) in coronary patients. Early identification and management of these conditions are crucial for cardiovascular health.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Vascular Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) shares risk factors with peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAOD).
- The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a valuable tool for screening PAOD.
- Understanding PAOD risk factors in CAD patients can improve cardiovascular risk assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the association between ABI and major coronary artery disease risk factors in patients with established coronary artery disease.
- To identify independent risk factors for PAOD in this specific patient population.
Main Methods:
- 156 adult coronary patients were evaluated for risk factors: age, obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and dyslipidemia.
- Peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAOD) screening was performed using the ankle-brachial index (ABI).
- Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney, chi-square, and Fisher's exact tests with 95% confidence intervals.
Main Results:
- 16.7% of patients presented with PAOD.
- Significant associations were found between PAOD and age group ≥ 60 years (OR: 3.656), diabetes mellitus (OR: 2.625), and hypertension (OR: 5.528).
- Smoking, dyslipidemia, family history of CAD, and obesity were not significantly associated with PAOD in this cohort.
Conclusions:
- Independent risk factors for PAOD in coronary patients include advanced age, diabetes mellitus, and systemic arterial hypertension.
- These findings highlight the importance of managing these specific risk factors to prevent PAOD in individuals with coronary artery disease.
Objective:
Analyzing the association between ABI and the main risk factors for coronary artery disease in coronary patients.
Methods:
Were selected 156 adult patients from a hospital in Maceió, Alagoas. Were evaluated with risk factors age, obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and dyslipidemia. PAOD screening was performed by the ankle-brachial index (ABI). The Mann-Whitney, chi-square, and Fisher's exact tests were used. Confidence Interval of 95% and a significance of 5%.
Results:
67.3% (n=105) males, 52.6% (n=82) elderly, 23.1% (n = 34) obese, 72.4% 6% (n=113) hypertensive, 34.6% (n=54) diabetics, 53.2% (n=83) smokers, 34.6% (n=54) dyslipidemic and 70.5% (n=110) with a family history of CAD. 16.7% (n=26) of the individuals presented PAOD. Three factors were associated with PAOD: age group ≥ 60 years (OR:3.656; p=0.005), diabetes mellitus (OR:2.625; p=0.024) and hypertension (OR:5.528; p=0.008). No significant difference was observed in the variables smoking, dyslipidemia, family history of CAD, and obesity.
Conclusion:
The independent risk factors for PAOD were age, diabetes mellitus, and systemic arterial hypertension.
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