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Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip in Infants - A Review for Providers

Michael Blankespoor1, Kate Ferrell1, Andrew Reuter2

  • 1University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine.

South Dakota Medicine : the Journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association
|June 25, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a common infant condition requiring early screening. Prompt diagnosis through physical exams and imaging, followed by treatments like Pavlik splints, is crucial for preventing long-term mobility issues.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), also known as congenital hip dysplasia, is a common multifactorial condition in infants and children.
  • DDH presents a spectrum of joint pathologies, necessitating early detection to prevent future mobility impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline screening, surveillance, and treatment strategies for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH).
  • To emphasize the importance of early identification and intervention in managing DDH.

Main Methods:

  • Serial physical examinations are recommended for DDH screening.
  • Ultrasound imaging is advised before 4-6 months of age; radiography (including AP and frog pelvis views) is used for infants older than 6 months.

Main Results:

  • Risk factors such as female gender, breech presentation, multiple gestation, and family history are associated with DDH but are poor predictors.
  • Early screening and appropriate imaging aid in identifying DDH, allowing for timely intervention.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of DDH relies on a combination of risk factor awareness, vigilant screening protocols, and timely treatment.
  • Interventions for DDH range from conservative methods like the Pavlik splint to surgical options, aiming to normalize hip development and preserve function.

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