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Expression and Function of Eicosanoid-Producing Cytochrome P450 Enzymes in Solid Tumors
Eric A Evangelista1, Christi W Cho2, Theresa Aliwarga3
1Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Frontiers in Pharmacology
|June 26, 2020
Summary
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) oxidation yields oxylipins, including eicosanoids, crucial in cell signaling. Certain Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) enzymes, often overexpressed in tumors, metabolize PUFAs into eicosanoids, driving cancer development.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Oncology
Background:
- Oxylipins, derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), are signaling molecules.
- Eicosanoids, a subclass of oxylipins, regulate inflammation, immunity, cardiovascular homeostasis, and cell growth.
- Eicosanoid signaling is implicated in cancer development, progression, and angiogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) in solid tumor etiology and progression.
- To summarize current understanding of CYP involvement in cancer.
- To provide supporting public data for gene expression from The Cancer Genome Atlas.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of scientific articles.
- Analysis of public gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).
Main Results:
- CYPs oxidize PUFAs to eicosanoids.
- Several eicosanoid-forming CYPs are overexpressed in tumors.
- Elevated eicosanoid levels suggest a key function in tumorigenesis and tumor progression.
- CYP overexpression is observed in lung, breast, prostate, and kidney cancers.
Conclusions:
- CYPs play a significant role in the development and progression of solid tumors.
- Overexpression of eicosanoid-forming CYPs contributes to elevated eicosanoid levels in cancer.
- Further research into CYP-mediated eicosanoid signaling in cancer is warranted.
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