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Role of Using Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Chemoprevention of Colon Cancer in Patients With Inflammatory

Lamis F Abdalla1, Reem Chaudhry Ehsanullah2, Fazida Karim2,3

  • 1Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, Fairfield, USA.

Cureus
|June 26, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) show promise in preventing colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease patients by reducing inflammatory mediators. Further research is needed to determine optimal, safe dosages for chemoprevention.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Oncology
  • Inflammation and Cancer Biology

Background:

  • Inflammation, driven by mediators like prostaglandins, cytokines, and TNF, is implicated in tumorigenesis and dysplasia, leading to colitis-associated cancer.
  • Colitis-associated cancer poses a significant health risk, necessitating effective chemoprevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the chemoprevention of colorectal carcinoma within inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patient populations.
  • To review existing literature on NSAIDs' effects on inflammatory mediators and their impact on cancer progression.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed as the primary database.
  • Twenty-three studies, including seven review articles, were selected for analysis, focusing on NSAIDs, IBD, and colorectal cancer chemoprevention.

Main Results:

  • Inflammatory mediators play a crucial role in the development of colitis-associated cancer.
  • NSAIDs, particularly those targeting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), demonstrate potential in chemoprevention due to both inhibitory and non-inhibitory mechanisms.
  • Current evidence suggests long-term, high-dose NSAID use may be required for chemopreventive effects, but this is associated with potential side effects.

Conclusions:

  • Reducing inflammatory mediators is vital for preventing colitis-associated cancer progression and achieving disease remission.
  • NSAIDs represent a key area of research for colorectal cancer chemoprevention in IBD patients.
  • Future research should focus on identifying the lowest effective NSAID doses to maximize chemopreventive benefits while minimizing adverse effects.
Keywords:
chemopreventioncolitis associated cancercolorectal canceribdmesalazinensaids

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