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Elevated Expression of Serum Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecules in COVID-19 Patients

Ming Tong1, Yu Jiang2, Da Xia3

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, China.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|June 26, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Elevated levels of endothelial cell adhesion molecules, including fractalkine, VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and VAP-1, correlate with COVID-19 severity. These molecules may play a role in the coagulation dysfunction observed in patients.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • COVID-19 is associated with endothelial dysfunction.
  • Endothelial cell adhesion molecules (eCAMs) mediate inflammatory and immune responses.
  • Understanding eCAMs' role in COVID-19 pathogenesis is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between serum eCAM levels and COVID-19 severity.
  • To explore the potential role of eCAMs in COVID-19-related coagulation dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 39 COVID-19 patients and 32 controls.
  • Clinical data collection.
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) to measure serum eCAMs: fractalkine, VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and VAP-1.

Main Results:

  • Serum levels of fractalkine, VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and VAP-1 were elevated in mild COVID-19.
  • These levels were dramatically increased in severe COVID-19 cases.
  • eCAM levels decreased during the convalescence phase.

Conclusions:

  • Increased eCAM expression is linked to COVID-19 disease severity.
  • eCAMs may contribute to the observed coagulation dysfunction in COVID-19 patients.
  • eCAMs represent potential biomarkers for COVID-19 severity.

Keywords:
COVID-19D-dimercoagulopathyendothelial cell adhesion moleculesfractalkine

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