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δ scores predict multiple neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Donald R Royall1, Raymond F Palmer2

  • 1Departments of Psychiatry, Medicine, Family and Community Medicine, and the Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Disease, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA.

International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
|June 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dementia severity, measured by dDx, is linked to more frequent behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). This suggests a general intelligence deficit underlies a dementia-specific behavioral profile, separate from regional brain damage.

Keywords:
BPSDMCIagingcognitiondementiafunctional statusgintelligenceδ

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Area of Science:

  • Neuropsychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Dementia severity correlates with general intelligence (g) via a latent dementia phenotype (δ).
  • The relationship between behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and δ versus domain-specific cognitive impairments remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether a novel measure of dementia severity (dDx), a δ homolog, predicts prospective BPSD.
  • To examine the association of dDx with BPSD, controlling for baseline behavior, demographics, biomarkers, and treatments.
  • To compare the predictive power of dDx against domain-specific memory (MEM) and executive function (EF) measures for BPSD.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 723 Mexican-American and non-Hispanic White participants in the Texas Alzheimer's Research and Care Consortium (TARCC).
  • Assessed prospective BPSD using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI-Q) over one year.
  • Employed dDx for categorical dementia diagnosis and derived MEM and EF composite scores as predictors.

Main Results:

  • Diagnosed dementia (FSCI via dDx) predicted increased frequency of 11 out of 12 BPSD, independent of covariates.
  • Age, depressive symptoms, and executive function (EF) were associated with specific BPSD, while memory (MEM) was not.
  • Dementia severity, as indicated by dDx scores, correlated with higher total NPI-Q scores over time.

Conclusions:

  • The general dementia phenotype (δ) is non-specifically associated with multiple BPSD.
  • Findings suggest a dementia-specific behavioral profile linked to general intelligence deficits, rather than localized pathology.
  • dDx serves as a valid predictor of BPSD, highlighting the role of general cognitive impairment in behavioral disturbances in dementia.