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Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells from Type 2 Diabetics Reveal Conservative Alterations in Multidimensional

Le Wang1,2,3, Leisheng Zhang4, Xue Liang2

  • 1Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.

International Journal of Stem Cells
|June 27, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Mesenchymal stem cells from type 2 diabetes patients (T2DM-ASCs) show altered differentiation and cell cycle but retain stemness. These findings suggest potential for autologous cell-based therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Metabolic disease research
  • Regenerative medicine

Background:

  • Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) are promising for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  • Understanding T2DM-ASC characteristics is crucial for effective therapeutic development.
  • Patient-specific ASC alterations remain largely unclear, hindering pathogenesis insights.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distinct characteristics of ASCs derived from type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM-ASCs) compared to non-diabetic donors (ND-ASCs).
  • To evaluate potential alterations in immunophenotype, differentiation capacity, cell cycle, and cytokine profiles.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation of peripancreatic ASCs from human T2DM and non-diabetic donors.
  • Comparative analysis of immunophenotype, cell vitality, differentiation potential (chondrogenic, adipogenic, osteogenic), stemness, migration, immunomodulatory capacity, cell cycle, and cytokine expression.

Main Results:

  • T2DM-ASCs and ND-ASCs showed similar immunophenotype, vitality, chondrogenic differentiation, and stemness.
  • T2DM-ASCs exhibited altered migration and immunoregulatory functions.
  • Deficiencies in adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation were observed in T2DM-ASCs.
  • Delayed cell cycle progression and a distinct cytokine expression spectrum were noted in T2DM-ASCs.

Conclusions:

  • T2DM-ASCs possess conserved stemness but exhibit specific functional and differentiation alterations.
  • These findings support the potential for autologous ASC application in future cell-based T2DM therapies.
Keywords:
Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cellsCell vitalityImmunoregulationType 2 diabetes mellitus

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