The association between sleep duration and hypertension: a meta and study sequential analysis.

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Health
• Sleep Medicine
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Hypertension is a major global health concern.
• The relationship between sleep duration and hypertension risk is debated, with inconsistent findings.
• Understanding sleep duration's impact is crucial for public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a comprehensive meta-analysis assessing the association between sleep duration (short, long, and normal) and the incidence of hypertension.
• To evaluate the reliability of pooled results using Trial Sequential Analysis (TSA).
• To determine the required sample size for future research.

Main Methods:

• Systematic retrieval of cohort studies from Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase up to April 30, 2020.
• Meta-analysis of 11 studies (85,838 subjects) using risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
• Application of TSA software to assess the reliability of findings and estimate required information size.

Main Results:

• Short sleep duration was significantly associated with an increased risk of hypertension (RR = 1.161, 95% CI: 1.058-1.274).
• The meta-analysis for short sleep duration exceeded the required information size, confirming the reliability of this finding.
• No significant association was found between long sleep duration (≥8 hours) and hypertension risk (RR = 1.059, 95% CI: 0.951-1.180).
• The number of subjects for long sleep duration was less than the required information size, indicating potential for future studies.

Conclusions:

• Short sleep duration is confirmed as a significant risk factor for hypertension incidence.
• The association between long sleep duration and hypertension requires further investigation due to insufficient sample size in current meta-analysis.
• Future research should focus on in-depth exploration of short sleep duration's impact and confirm findings for long sleep duration.