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Co-Culture of Murine Small Intestine Epithelial Organoids with Innate Lymphoid Cells
Published on: March 23, 2022
Basics of Inducible Lymphoid Organs
1Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, 60 College St., New Haven, CT, 06510, USA. Nancy.ruddle@yale.edu.
Tertiary lymphoid organs (TLOs) are cell clusters found in chronic inflammation, mimicking secondary lymphoid organs. Understanding their dual role in autoimmunity and cancer is key for therapeutic strategies.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Pathology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Tertiary lymphoid organs (TLOs) are cell aggregates observed in chronic inflammation across various tissues.
- They share structural and functional similarities with secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs).
- TLOs play critical roles in autoimmunity, infection, and cancer, with complex effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the cellular composition and regulatory mechanisms of TLOs.
- To understand the dual role of TLOs in autoimmune diseases and cancer.
- To identify strategies for modulating TLOs therapeutically.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on TLO formation and function.
- Analysis of cellular components including T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and stromal cells.
- Examination of the roles of lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) and lymphoid tissue organizer (LTo) cells.
Main Results:
- TLOs comprise diverse immune and stromal cells, including high endothelial venules (HEVs).
- They function in antigen presentation and tolerance, impacting disease outcomes.
- SLO induction involves interactions between LTi cells and mesenchymal LTo cells.
Conclusions:
- TLOs are crucial in diverse pathological conditions, acting as double-edged swords.
- Targeting TLOs presents therapeutic challenges, especially in distinguishing effects on SLOs.
- Further research is needed to harness TLOs for anti-tumor immunity and suppress autoimmunity.
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