Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Interference and Diffraction02:18

Interference and Diffraction

51.2K
Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.
51.2K
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

512
In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
512
Interference and Superposition of Waves01:07

Interference and Superposition of Waves

6.2K
When two waves of the same nature occur in the same region simultaneously, they result in interference. Interference of waves implies that the net effect of the waves is the sum of the individual waves' effects. However, it does not imply that the individual waves affect the propagation of other waves.
Interference occurs in mechanical waves, such as sound waves, waves on a string, and surface water waves. Mechanical waves correspond to the physical displacement of particles. Hence,...
6.2K
Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

11.8K
Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
11.8K
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference01:25

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference

1.8K
Interference leads to systematic error in atomic absorption (AA) measurements by enhancing or diminishing the analytical signal or the background. These interferences can be grouped into three main categories: spectral interference, chemical interference, and physical interference.
Spectral interference occurs when signals from other elements or molecules overlap with the analyte signal, falsely elevating or masking the analyte's absorbance. This interference can be corrected using Zeeman,...
1.8K
Overview of Electron Microscopy01:25

Overview of Electron Microscopy

12.7K
The wavelengths of visible light ultimately limit the maximum theoretical resolution of images created by light microscopes. Most light microscopes can only magnify 1000X, and a few can magnify up to 1500X. Electrons, like electromagnetic radiation, can behave like waves, but with wavelengths of 0.005 nm, they produce significantly greater resolution up to 0.05 nm as compared to 500 nm for visible light. An electron microscope (EM) can create a sharp image that is magnified up to 2,000,000X.
12.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Special issue: Quantitative and precise measurements in conventional (scanning) electron microscopy and electron tomography.

Micron (Oxford, England : 1993)·2026
Same author

A tragedy after successful endovascular intervention; a complication of suture-mediated closure and repair system.

Cardiovascular intervention and therapeutics·2026
Same author

Combined use of drug-eluting stent and drug-coated balloon for tandem lesion with spontaneously recanalized coronary thrombus: insights from optical coherence tomography.

European heart journal. Case reports·2026
Same author

Dual Intracardiac Thromboses Associated With Dilated Coronary Sinus and Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava.

JACC. Case reports·2026
Same author

Reproducibility and Validity of a Food Intake Survey Developed for Implementation via Digital Health for Patients With or at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease.

Circulation reports·2025
Same author

Once- or twice-daily thoracic radiation in limited-stage small-cell lung cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

The Cochrane database of systematic reviews·2025
Same journal

Development of a specialized diamond knife for controlled notch introduction in ultrathin polymer films for in situ tensile transmission electron microscopy.

Microscopy (Oxford, England)·2026
Same journal

Study of nanocrystals within lamellar structures of polyvinylidene fluoride using phase plate scanning transmission electron microscopy.

Microscopy (Oxford, England)·2026
Same journal

Capability of angle-resolved SXES experiment examined by hexagonal BN and its application for the chemical bonding state of Fe2B.

Microscopy (Oxford, England)·2026
Same journal

Cryo-EELS elemental mapping of organic-solvent systems.

Microscopy (Oxford, England)·2026
Same journal

In-situ biasing DPC STEM observation of GaAs p-n junction.

Microscopy (Oxford, England)·2026
Same journal

Dynamic Scan Shaping: Overcoming Coil Hysteresis for High-Speed STEM.

Microscopy (Oxford, England)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 17, 2025

Uncovering Hidden Dynamics of Natural Photonic Structures Using Holographic Imaging
05:45

Uncovering Hidden Dynamics of Natural Photonic Structures Using Holographic Imaging

Published on: March 31, 2022

3.0K

Interference and interferometry in electron holography.

Ken Harada1

  • 1CEMS, RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research), Hatoyama, Saitama 350-0395, Japan.

Microscopy (Oxford, England)
|June 27, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review introduces electron holography, detailing optical principles and unique electron wave phenomena for phase distribution analysis. It covers interference systems and phase reconstruction methods essential for practical applications.

Keywords:
electron holographyelectron waveinterference microscopyphasereconstructiontransmission electron microscopywavefront

More Related Videos

Digital Inline Holographic Microscopy DIHM of Weakly-scattering Subjects
10:16

Digital Inline Holographic Microscopy DIHM of Weakly-scattering Subjects

Published on: February 8, 2014

12.6K
Compact Lens-less Digital Holographic Microscope for MEMS Inspection and Characterization
10:28

Compact Lens-less Digital Holographic Microscope for MEMS Inspection and Characterization

Published on: July 5, 2016

10.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 17, 2025

Uncovering Hidden Dynamics of Natural Photonic Structures Using Holographic Imaging
05:45

Uncovering Hidden Dynamics of Natural Photonic Structures Using Holographic Imaging

Published on: March 31, 2022

3.0K
Digital Inline Holographic Microscopy DIHM of Weakly-scattering Subjects
10:16

Digital Inline Holographic Microscopy DIHM of Weakly-scattering Subjects

Published on: February 8, 2014

12.6K
Compact Lens-less Digital Holographic Microscope for MEMS Inspection and Characterization
10:28

Compact Lens-less Digital Holographic Microscope for MEMS Inspection and Characterization

Published on: July 5, 2016

10.6K

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Microscopy

Background:

  • Holography and interferometry are key techniques for measuring phase distributions.
  • Optical holography provides a foundation for understanding holographic principles.
  • Electron waves exhibit unique phenomena not observed with light waves.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a foundational review of electron holography.
  • To introduce the principles of holography and interferometry for phase analysis.
  • To highlight the unique aspects of electron waves and their application in microscopy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of general principles of holography and interferometry.
  • Discussion of physical phenomena specific to electron waves.
  • Explanation of interference optical systems for electron waves.
  • Overview of phase information reconstruction methods from electron holograms.

Main Results:

  • Established the fundamental principles of electron holography.
  • Detailed the unique properties of electron waves relevant to holography.
  • Outlined the necessary components and methods for practical electron holography.
  • Provided a basis for understanding advanced applications discussed in subsequent papers.

Conclusions:

  • Electron holography offers unique capabilities for analyzing phase distributions.
  • Understanding electron wave properties and reconstruction methods is crucial for its application.
  • This review serves as an introduction to the broader topic of electron holography.