High-Performance, Large-Area, and Ecofriendly Luminescent Solar Concentrators Using Copper-Doped InP Quantum Dots

Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are promising building blocks for luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs). For their widespread use, they need to simultaneously satisfy non-toxic material content, low reabsorption, high photoluminescence quantum yield, and large-scale production. Here, copper doping of zinc carboxylate-passivated InP core and nano-engineering of ZnSe shell facilitated high in-device quantum efficiency of QDs over 80%, having well-matched spectral emission profile with the photo-response of silicon solar cells. The optimized QD-LSCs showed an optical quantum efficiency of 37% and an internal concentration factor of 4.7 for a 10 × 10-cm² device area under solar illumination, which is comparable with the state-of-the-art LSCs based on cadmium-containing QDs and lead-containing perovskites. Synthesis of the copper-doped InP/ZnSe QDs in gram-scale and large-area deposition (3,000 cm²) onto commercial window glasses via doctor-blade technique showed their scalability for mass production. These results position InP-based QDs as a promising alternative for efficient solar energy harvesting.