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Public health initiatives from hospitalized patients with COVID-19, China
Chenkai Zhao1, Yueqin Xu2, Xu Zhang2
1School of Public Health, China Medical University, China.
Insights
The study describes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) features outside Wuhan, finding elderly patients and children are high-risk groups. Longer incubation periods correlated with more severe COVID-19 outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019.
- Rapid human-to-human transmission led to a global pandemic.
- Understanding COVID-19 epidemiology beyond Wuhan is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- Describe epidemiological and demographic features of COVID-19 patients outside Wuhan.
- Identify high-risk populations and factors influencing COVID-19 severity.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 136 consecutive COVID-19 patients.
- Single-center case series from The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou, China.
- Data collected from January 16 to February 19, 2020.
Main Results:
- 67% of patients had Wuhan exposure; 33.1% were familial clusters.
- Median incubation period was 6 days; longer incubation correlated with severe outcomes.
- Elderly patients (≥64 years) had higher rates of chronic illness and severe/fatal cases.
Conclusions:
- Children and the elderly are high-risk susceptible groups requiring strong protection.
- Universal screening is recommended for individuals with clear exposure history, even without symptoms.
- Prompt hospital admission upon symptom onset is vital due to rapid COVID-19 progression.
Background:
Since December 2019, when it first occurred in Wuhan, China, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly worldwide via human-to-human transmission. We aimed to describe the epidemiological and demographic features of COVID-19 outside Wuhan.
Methods:
A single-center case series of 136 consecutive (from January 16 to February 17, 2020) patients with confirmed COVID-19 hospitalized in The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou, China, was retrospectively analyzed. Outcomes were followed up until February 19, 2020.
Results:
Of the 136 patients (median age, 49 years; interquartile range [IQR], 33-63 years; range, 0.3-83 years), 91 (67%) had been to Wuhan or contacted persons from Wuhan. Forty-five (33.1%) were familial clusters. The median incubation period was 6 days (IQR: 4-11 days). All children had an exact exposure history, family members with COVID-19, and "Mild/Moderate" symptoms at admission. Among the 64 elderly patients, 14 (21.9%) had no exposure history, and 43 (67.2%) had a chronic illness. All 11 (8.1%) "Severe/very severe" illness at onset cases and 5 (3.7%) fatal cases were elderly patients. The duration from symptom onset to admission was positively correlated with the duration from symptom onset to endpoint. Overall, patients with a longer incubation period had more severe outcomes.
Conclusion:
As high-risk susceptible groups, strong protection should be implemented for children and the elderly. Universal screening should be performed for people with a clear exposure history, even lacking apparent symptoms. Given the rapid progression of COVID-19, people should be admitted quickly following symptom onset.
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