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In Vitro Fertilization01:24

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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
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Cardiovascular diseases, encompassing a range of conditions, can significantly affect the heart's operations and the overall circulatory system. These conditions impair the heart's ability to pump blood, leading to a deficit in oxygen supply to crucial organs. Anomalies in the heart's electrical system, known as arrhythmias, can cause heartbeats to accelerate or slow down. Usually, heart rates increase during physical activity and decrease while resting or sleeping. However,...
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Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
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Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction
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Cardiovascular problems associated with IVF therapy.

P Henriksson1,2

  • 1From the, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Journal of Internal Medicine
|June 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancies show a sevenfold higher risk of pulmonary embolism (PE). Oestrogen surges during ovarian stimulation may initiate this risk, suggesting delayed embryo transfer as a potential preventative strategy.

Keywords:
assisted reproductive techniqueshaemostasisoestrogenovarian stimulationpulmonary embolismvenous thromboembolism

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Thrombosis and Haemostasis

Background:

  • In vitro fertilization (IVF) is increasingly common, with over 10 million births.
  • IVF pregnancies have a significantly higher incidence of pulmonary embolism (PE) compared to spontaneous pregnancies.
  • PE is a critical factor in maternal mortality, necessitating understanding of its underlying mechanisms in IVF.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms linking IVF to increased risk of pulmonary embolism.
  • To explore the role of oestrogen surges and platelet activation in IVF-related thrombotic events.
  • To identify potential biomarkers and strategies for mitigating PE risk in IVF patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on IVF, pregnancy, and thrombotic events.
  • Analysis of reported data on embryo transfer timing and PE risk.
  • Examination of haemostatic changes, including oestrogen levels, microvesicles, and platelet activation markers.

Main Results:

  • A sevenfold increase in PE incidence during the first trimester of IVF pregnancies was reported.
  • Embryo transfer immediately post-ovarian stimulation showed an eightfold higher PE risk compared to delayed transfer.
  • Increased oestrogen levels and markers of platelet activation (microvesicles) were observed during ovarian stimulation.

Conclusions:

  • Oestrogen surge during ovarian stimulation is a potential trigger for PE in IVF.
  • Delayed embryo transfer or a freeze-all strategy may reduce thrombotic risk.
  • Further longitudinal studies and biomarker identification are crucial for early PE risk assessment in IVF.