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MET receptor in oncology: From biomarker to therapeutic target

Raeva Malik1, Isa Mambetsariev2, Jeremy Fricke2

  • 1George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC, United States.

Advances in Cancer Research
|June 29, 2020
PubMed

Insights

The MET receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) pathway is crucial in cancer and development. MET exon 14 splicing variants offer a target for tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in cancer therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • The MET receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and its ligand, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), are vital in cellular processes like migration, proliferation, and invasion.
  • MET signaling is critical during embryogenesis for muscular and nervous system development.
  • Elevated MET receptor expression is linked to poor prognosis and therapeutic resistance in various cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the MET pathway, encompassing its history, genetics, and receptor biology.
  • To discuss targeted therapeutics, resistance mechanisms, and the future potential of MET as a therapeutic target.
  • To highlight the significance of MET exon 14 splicing variants as actionable targets in lung cancer and potentially other malignancies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical data and scientific literature on MET RTK and HGF.
  • Analysis of genetic basis and receptor biology of the MET pathway.
  • Discussion of current and emerging therapeutic strategies targeting MET, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).

Main Results:

  • MET RTK and HGF are implicated in cancer progression and embryonic development.
  • MET exon 14 splicing variants represent an actionable target for TKIs.
  • High MET expression correlates with adverse clinical outcomes and treatment resistance.

Conclusions:

  • The MET pathway is a significant therapeutic target in oncology due to its role in cancer progression and the existence of actionable genetic alterations.
  • Targeted therapies, particularly TKIs, show promise for treating cancers with specific MET alterations.
  • Further research into MET biology and resistance mechanisms is essential for optimizing therapeutic strategies.
Keywords:
Cancer biologyHistoryMETMechanismsResistanceTherapeutics

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