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Evaluating surface water quality using water quality index in Beiyun River, China
Huihui Wu1, Wenjie Yang2,3, Ruihua Yao2
1College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China.
Summary
Water quality in the Beiyun River, a vital resource for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, was generally good. Land use significantly impacts water quality, with urban areas showing a positive correlation and agricultural/rural areas a negative one.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Water Resource Management
- Ecosystem Health
Background:
- The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region faces severe water scarcity and pollution, impacting ecosystem services and economic development.
- The Beiyun River is crucial for regional economic growth, making its water quality a significant concern.
- Effective water resource management plans rely on comprehensive river water quality assessments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively analyze the water quality of the Beiyun River using the Water Quality Index (WQI).
- To investigate the seasonal and spatial variations in Beiyun River's water quality.
- To explore the correlation between land use types and water quality in the Beiyun River watershed.
Main Methods:
- Collected water samples from 16 sites across four seasons (January 2017-October 2018).
- Analyzed 17 water quality parameters (e.g., DO, COD, NH3-N, TP, heavy metals) to calculate WQI.
- Employed correlation analysis to link land use patterns with water quality data.
Main Results:
- Average WQI values indicated generally "good" water quality across seasons (Winter: 88.15, Spring: 71.70, Summer: 78.92, Autumn: 90.12).
- Significant spatial variations observed, with upstream and downstream areas exhibiting better water quality than the midstream.
- Water quality showed a negative correlation with agricultural and rural residential land, and a positive correlation with urban land.
Conclusions:
- Human activities associated with different land uses are primary drivers of water quality changes.
- Improving water quality requires enhancing wastewater collection and treatment, particularly in rural midstream areas.
- Targeted interventions in land use management are essential for sustainable water resource management in the region.
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