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Disease outbreak investigation. Three case studies.

I R Dohoo1, W B Ley, R Ruppanner

  • 1Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada.

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practice
|March 1, 1988
PubMed
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This study investigates three animal disease outbreaks: mastitis in dairy cows, neonatal mortality in sheep, and foothill abortion in beef cattle. Findings reveal environmental contaminants, border disease virus, and specific infection sources, enabling targeted control measures.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary epidemiology
  • Animal health management
  • Disease outbreak investigation

Background:

  • Animal disease outbreaks and performance deviations pose significant challenges in livestock production.
  • Effective disease investigation is crucial for implementing targeted control strategies and minimizing economic losses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present three case studies detailing the investigation of distinct animal health issues.
  • To demonstrate the application of epidemiological techniques in identifying disease causes and sources.
  • To highlight the importance of data analysis in guiding control measure implementation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of production data, including somatic cell counts for mastitis.
  • Epidemiological investigation of neonatal mortality in sheep, including etiological analysis.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Application of epidemiologic techniques to identify infection sources in a beef herd experiencing foothill abortion.

    • Main Results:

    • Mastitis in dairy herds linked to environmental contaminant organisms, indicated by elevated somatic cell counts.
    • Neonatal mortality in sheep suggested a multifactorial cause, with border disease virus identified as a predominant agent.
    • Investigation of foothill abortion in beef cattle utilized epidemiological methods to pinpoint infection sources within a specific population subgroup.

    Conclusions:

    • Environmental contamination is a key factor in dairy herd mastitis, necessitating specific control measures.
    • Border disease virus plays a significant role in ovine neonatal mortality, requiring targeted interventions.
    • Epidemiological investigations are vital for identifying specific infection sources in livestock, enabling effective disease management and control.