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Exhaled carbon monoxide levels in infants and toddlers with episodic asthma

Yoichiro Ohara1, Takahiro Ohara2, Koichi Hashimoto3

  • 1Ohara Children's Clinic.

Fukushima Journal of Medical Science
|June 30, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) levels can effectively evaluate asthma activity in infants and toddlers. This novel method aids in diagnosing asthma and assessing treatment response in young children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Biomarker Research

Background:

  • Limited lung function tests exist for evaluating bronchial asthma in infants and toddlers.
  • Exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) is a potential non-invasive biomarker for airway inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the applicability of exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) measurements in evaluating stable asthma and acute asthma attacks in infants and toddlers.
  • To test the hypothesis that eCO levels correlate with asthma status in young children.

Main Methods:

  • A novel one-way valve breath sampling bag was developed for collecting exhaled air from infants and toddlers.
  • A total of 483 participants were studied: 355 with asthma (182 with attacks, 173 asymptomatic), 119 with upper respiratory infection (URI), and 9 healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • eCO levels were significantly higher in infants and toddlers during asthma attacks compared to asymptomatic asthma, URI, and healthy controls.
  • eCO levels decreased significantly after therapy in children with asthma.
  • eCO cut-off values demonstrated varying sensitivity and specificity in discriminating asthma attacks and diagnosing asthma in this age group.

Conclusions:

  • Measurement of exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) using a novel method is applicable for evaluating asthmatic activity in infants and toddlers.
  • This method shows potential for assessing treatment responsiveness and aiding in the diagnosis of asthma in this population.
Abstract

Keywords:
infants and toddlersmild asthma attacksimple breath sampling method

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