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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 17, 2025

A High Resolution Method to Monitor Phosphorylation-dependent Activation of IRF3
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Interferon-Induced Transmembrane Protein (IFITM3) Is Upregulated Explicitly in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Lung Epithelial

Mahmood Yaseen Hachim1,2, Saba Al Heialy2,3, Ibrahim Yaseen Hachim1

  • 1Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.

Frontiers in Immunology
|June 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified IFITM3 as a key gene in early COVID-19 infection. Valproic acid was found to boost its expression and antiviral effects, offering a rapid therapeutic strategy for emerging viral infections.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2antiviral immunityinterferon-induced transmembrane proteinsvalproic acid

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Virology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Current COVID-19 management relies on repurposed drugs, but a timely vaccine is unavailable.
  • There is an urgent need for rapid identification of novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a framework for rapid identification of novel therapeutic targets and drug candidates for COVID-19.
  • To analyze transcriptomic and toxicogenomic data for early intervention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of publicly available transcriptomic datasets from SARS-CoV infected humans and mammals.
  • Validation in SARS-CoV-2 infected epithelial cells transcriptomic datasets.
  • Comprehensive toxicogenomic analysis to identify drug interactions with differentially expressed genes.

Main Results:

  • Identified Interferon Induced Protein With Tetratricopeptide Repeats 3 (IFITM3) as an early upregulated gene in response to SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Valproic acid was identified as a drug that enhances IFITM3 mRNA expression.
  • Valproic acid demonstrated antiviral action, likely mediated through IFITM3.

Conclusions:

  • Publicly available transcriptomic and toxicogenomic data analysis is a rapid approach for identifying novel targets and drug candidates.
  • IFITM3 is a potential therapeutic target for COVID-19, with valproic acid showing promise in modulating its activity.