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Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

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Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per...
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Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias01:28

Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias

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Tachyarrhythmias are a type of dysrhythmia where the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Here are some common types of tachyarrhythmias:Sinus TachycardiaSinus tachycardia originates from increased impulses from the sinus node, leading to an elevated heart rate. It is often triggered by stress, fever, or exercise.Patients may experience palpitations, a sensation of a racing heart, dizziness, and chest discomfort.Causes and Risk Factors: Common causes include physical exertion, emotional...
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ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

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Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
335
Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias

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Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
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Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

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Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
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Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class III Agents as Potassium Channel Blockers01:12

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Class III antiarrhythmic drugs are a group of medications that can prolong action potentials in the heart. They achieve this by blocking potassium channels or enhancing inward currents from sodium channels. However, these drugs have a unique property of "reverse use-dependence," which is most pronounced at slower heart rates and can lead to torsades de pointes—a specific type of arrhythmia. However, it is essential to note that excessive QT interval prolongation—a measure of...
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Dome-and-dart T Waves and Hyperthyroidism - A Case Report.

Matteo Parolin1, Francesca Dassie1, Eugenio De Carlo1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine-3, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.

European Endocrinology
|June 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Persistent hyperthyroidism can cause abnormal electrocardiogram T waves and mild left ventricle dilatation. Thyroidectomy resolved these cardiac abnormalities, highlighting the importance of considering hyperthyroidism in diagnosis.

Keywords:
Graves’ diseaseHolter ECGHyperthyroidismbifid T waveselectrocardiogram

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Hyperthyroidism is a common endocrine disorder.
  • Cardiac manifestations of hyperthyroidism can include electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities and ventricular dysfunction.

Observation:

  • A case of a 31-year-old man with persistent hyperthyroidism despite high-dose methimazole treatment.
  • Electrocardiogram revealed bifid (dome-and-dart) T waves.
  • Echocardiography showed mild left ventricle dilatation.

Findings:

  • Total thyroidectomy was performed to treat the hyperthyroidism.
  • Post-thyroidectomy, T waves normalized on ECG.
  • Left ventricle dimensions returned to normal.

Implications:

  • Hyperthyroidism should be considered in the differential diagnosis of T wave abnormalities and mild left ventricle dilatation.
  • Correction of hyperthyroidism can lead to reversal of these cardiac abnormalities.
  • This case underscores the significant impact of thyroid status on cardiovascular health.