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Long-term Potentiation

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 17, 2025

Ex Vivo Optogenetic Interrogation of Long-Range Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity from Medial Prefrontal Cortex to Lateral Entorhinal Cortex

Ex Vivo Optogenetic Interrogation of Long-Range Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity from Medial Prefrontal Cortex to Lateral Entorhinal Cortex

Published on: February 25, 2022

Multiplexing rhythmic information by spike timing dependent plasticity.

Nimrod Sherf^1,2, Maoz Shamir^1,2,3

¹Physics Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.

Plos Computational Biology

|June 30, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) can enable the brain to multiplex rhythmic information across different frequency channels. This occurs even as synaptic weights dynamically adjust, preserving function.

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Area of Science:

Computational Neuroscience
Systems Neuroscience
Neural Dynamics

Background:

Rhythmic brain activity is crucial for cognitive functions like information encoding and transfer.
Multiplexing, transmitting multiple signals over one channel, is a proposed role for neural rhythms, particularly via frequency division.
Spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) facilitates downstream rhythmic activity transfer but may induce competition, questioning its role in multiplexing.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if STDP can facilitate multiplexing of information across multiple frequency channels.
To determine the conditions under which STDP supports neural information multiplexing.
To explore the dynamic interplay between STDP, neural competition, and rhythmic information transfer.

Main Methods:

A computational modeling study was employed.
Two neuronal populations with distinct rhythmic activities were simulated.
The STDP dynamics of these populations synapsing onto a downstream neuron in a feed-forward network were analyzed.

Main Results:

STDP-induced competition between rhythmic populations was found to be limited, not leading to complete suppression.
For many parameters, the downstream neuron successfully responded to both rhythmic inputs, indicating successful multiplexing.
Synaptic weights did not reach a fixed point but remained dynamic, demonstrating continuous adaptation.

Conclusions:

STDP can support the multiplexing of rhythmic information across different frequency bands.
Neural multiplexing can be maintained despite continuous remodeling of synaptic weights.
Specific STDP rules are constrained, offering testable predictions for experimental validation.