Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

620
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
620
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

306
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
306
Self-Discrepancy and Its Effects01:29

Self-Discrepancy and Its Effects

199
Self-discrepancy theory explains how people compare their actual self to their ideal and ought selves and how mismatches between these self-guides can lead to emotional distress. Developed by E. Tory Higgins, the theory distinguishes among three components of self-concept: the actual self, the ideal self, and the ought self. These refer respectively to how individuals perceive themselves, how they aspire to be, and how they believe they are obligated to be. Emotional well-being, self-esteem,...
199
Self-Discrepancy Theory02:45

Self-Discrepancy Theory

18.7K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.  
18.7K
Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other01:20

Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other

165
According to George Herbert Mead, as children progress beyond the game stage, they develop a more comprehensive understanding of societal rules and norms. This cognitive and social development enables them to internalize the expectations of the broader community, refining their ability to regulate behavior.Consistent participation in organized activities is crucial in helping children recognize that their actions are not isolated but contribute to a more significant, interconnected group...
165
Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

445
A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
445

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Theta burst stimulation of extrastriate body area for body perception in anorexia nervosa: a randomized controlled trial.

Translational psychiatry·2026
Same author

Social touch is associated with disrupted bodily self-concept in people with depersonalization symptoms.

Acta psychologica·2026
Same author

Global changes in gene expression and splicing in alcoholic liver disease.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

The role of proinflammatory response and the kynurenine pathway in the association between childhood maltreatment and lifetime substance use disorder.

Neurobiology of stress·2026
Same author

Author Correction: Leveraging deep single-soma RNA sequencing to explore the neural basis of human somatosensation.

Nature neuroscience·2026
Same author

The neurobiological cravings signature (NCS) as a predictive neuromarker of clinical outcomes in alcohol use disorder.

Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 17, 2025

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos
05:32

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos

Published on: December 7, 2018

9.4K

Sharpened self-other distinction in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Rebecca Boehme1, Morgan Frost Karlsson2, Markus Heilig3

  • 1Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, 58185 Linköping, Sweden; Center for Medical Imaging and Visualization, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden.

Neuroimage. Clinical
|June 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Adults with attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder (ADHD) show distinct neural responses to self- and other-touch, suggesting central processing differences may underlie tactile hypersensitivity and impact social cognition.

Keywords:
ADHDBodily selfRubber hand illusionSelf-other-distinctionSocial touchfMRI

More Related Videos

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

6.2K
Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD
10:02

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

16.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 17, 2025

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos
05:32

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos

Published on: December 7, 2018

9.4K
The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

6.2K
Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD
10:02

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

16.5K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Human Perception

Background:

  • Differentiating self-produced sensations from external stimuli is crucial for social interaction and self-awareness.
  • Attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder (ADHD) is associated with tactile hypersensitivity and social cognition deficits, yet underlying mechanisms remain unclear.
  • Understanding self- vs. other-touch processing may offer insights into ADHD's sensory and social challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural differences in processing self- and other-generated tactile stimuli in adults with ADHD compared to neurotypical controls (NC).
  • To explore the relationship between tactile processing, self-other distinction, and clinical symptoms in ADHD.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to compare brain activity during self-touch, other-touch, and object-touch tasks in 28 adults with ADHD and 30 NC.
  • Tactile detection thresholds and the rubber hand illusion (RHI) were assessed to evaluate somatosensory processing and body ownership perception.

Main Results:

  • Adults with ADHD exhibited heightened neural responses to both self- and other-touch, including stronger insula deactivation during self-touch and increased somatosensory cortex activation during other-touch.
  • ADHD participants reported greater tactile sensitivity and fewer autistic traits, alongside reduced susceptibility to the RHI, indicating altered body ownership perception.
  • Tactile detection thresholds were normal in ADHD, suggesting intact peripheral processing but potentially altered central sensory gating.

Conclusions:

  • Hypersensitivity in ADHD may stem from central, rather than peripheral, processing alterations.
  • Enhanced self-other-touch differentiation in ADHD could reflect a clearer boundary of self, potentially linking to social cognition and body ownership deficits.
  • These findings have implications for managing somatosensory hypersensitivity in ADHD and understanding self-experience in related psychiatric conditions.