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Visual Morbidity in Ocular Tuberculosis - Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS)-1: Report #6.

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Ocular tuberculosis (OTB) causes significant visual impairment. While initial treatment may worsen vision, anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT) leads to significant visual improvement over 24 months.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Ocular tuberculosis (OTB) is a significant cause of visual impairment globally.
  • Understanding the natural history and clinical features of OTB is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the extent, natural history, and clinical features of visual impairment (VI) in patients with OTB.
  • To evaluate the impact of anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT) on visual outcomes in OTB patients.

Main Methods:

  • Multi-center retrospective cohort study.
  • Analysis of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) over 24 months of follow-up.
  • Comparison of visual outcomes between patients treated with ATT and those not treated.

Main Results:

  • A total of 302 patients were included; 175 had complete BCVA data for 2 years.
  • Mean BCVA showed significant improvement at 12, 18, and 24 months (p < .001).
  • ATT-treated patients had worse BCVA at 12-18 months but significant improvement by 24 months.

Conclusions:

  • OTB is associated with substantial visual morbidity.
  • ATT demonstrates a positive long-term impact on visual acuity in OTB patients.
  • Further prospective studies are needed to confirm the causal link between OTB and visual loss.