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Variations in Ocean Mixing from Seconds to Years.

¹College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97330-5503, USA;

Annual Review of Marine Science

|July 1, 2020

Summary

Ocean mixing is crucial for geophysical fluid dynamics. New measurement techniques reveal how turbulence, varying greatly in scale, drives mixing across diverse temporal scales from seconds to years.

Area of Science:

Geophysical Fluid Dynamics
Oceanography
Turbulence Research

Background:

Community-wide recognition of small-scale mixing's importance in geophysical fluid dynamics.
Significant scale separation between ocean basins and turbulent eddies.
Challenges in measuring and understanding ocean mixing due to sparse data.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent and classic results on ocean mixing.
To explore the temporal variability of turbulence-enhanced mixing.
To connect turbulence timescales to larger oceanographic processes.

Main Methods:

Comprehensive shipboard turbulence profiling experiments.
Doppler sonar current measurements.
Analysis of data spanning minutes to years.

Keywords:

mixing temporal variability turbulence

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Main Results:

Detailed observations of upper-ocean turbulence vertical structure evolution.
Understanding of how turbulence varies across timescales (seconds to years).
Insights into mixing across tidal cycles, monsoons, seasons, and ENSO events.

Conclusions:

Temporal variability is key to understanding ocean mixing.
Advancements in measurement technology enable longer-term, detailed studies.
Expanded knowledge connects small-scale turbulence to large-scale ocean dynamics.