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Related Concept Videos

Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

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The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
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Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

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Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
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Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

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The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
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Minerals01:26

Minerals

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Minerals are essential nutrients that the human body needs in small amounts to work properly. They play a vital role in many bodily functions, such as building strong bones and transmitting nerve impulses. Some minerals are needed for hormone production or to maintain a normal heartbeat. Major minerals include calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium, while trace minerals include iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride, and selenium.
 
Major...
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The Periodic Table and Organismal Elements00:57

The Periodic Table and Organismal Elements

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Overview
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The Periodic Table and Organismal Elements01:27

The Periodic Table and Organismal Elements

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Elements are the smallest units of matter that cannot be broken down further by chemical processes. There are 118 known elements, but not all of these are naturally occurring, and only a few of them are essential for life. Living matter is composed primarily of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen, with smaller amounts of other elements like calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur. Other elements are also necessary for life but only in trace amounts.
Periodic Table Provides Information...
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Updated: Dec 17, 2025

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
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Selenium: A Trace Element for a Healthy Skeleton - A Narrative Review.

Fabio Vescini1, Iacopo Chiodini2, Andrea Palermo3

  • 1Endocrinology and Metabolism Unit, University Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy.

Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders Drug Targets
|July 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Selenium is vital for bone health, with low levels linked to bone loss and disease. Adequate selenium intake and selenium-proteins support bone metabolism and protect against fractures.

Keywords:
Seleniumanti-oxidation activitybone metabolismbone turnoverinflammationosteoclasts

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Nutritional Science
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Inadequate selenium levels are linked to impaired bone metabolism and reduced bone mineral density in humans.
  • Reduced selenium intake increases the risk of bone diseases, including osteoporosis and Kashin-Beck osteoarthropathy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the relationship between selenium, selenium-proteins, and bone metabolism.
  • To explore selenium's role in bone health, oxidative stress, and fracture risk.

Main Methods:

  • Review of observational and interventional studies.
  • Analysis of data on selenium and selenium-protein concentrations in relation to bone health markers.

Main Results:

  • Low serum selenium is associated with increased bone turnover and reduced bone mineral density.
  • Selenium-proteins protect bone cells from oxidative stress; their mutations are linked to skeletal diseases.
  • Selenium intake is inversely related to hip fracture risk; selenium status impacts bone mass in males and females.

Conclusions:

  • Selenium is an essential nutrient for maintaining bone health, likely through selenium-proteins.
  • Adequate selenium status is crucial for bone metabolism, cellular protection, and reducing fracture risk.