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Characterization of Brazilian hospital admissions due to cardiovascular diseases: a longitudinal study
Luiza Gabriela de Araújo Fonseca1, Illia Nadinne Dantas Florentino Lima1, Lucien Peroni Gualdi2
1Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi (FACISA)/Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Rua Vila do Trairi S/N, CEP, Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, 59200-000, Brazil.
Insights
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) caused over 11 million hospital admissions in Brazil from 2008-2017, with heart failure, ischemic heart disease, and stroke being most common. Admissions and mortality rates decreased following public health interventions.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading cause of death globally, disproportionately affecting low and middle-income countries like Brazil.
- Brazil is projected to have the highest prevalence of CVD by 2050, highlighting the need for epidemiological studies.
- Understanding CVD hospital admission patterns is crucial for public health strategies in Brazil.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the distribution of cardiovascular disease (CVD) hospital admissions in Brazil.
- To analyze CVD hospital admission data by ICD-10 classification among adults from 2008 to 2017.
- To provide insights into the epidemiological landscape of CVD in Brazil.
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal descriptive study analyzing hospital admission data from the Brazilian Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS).
- Inclusion of all cardiovascular disease (ICD-10) related admissions from public and private services linked to SUS between 2008 and 2017.
- Data collection included admission numbers, ICD-10 classification, mortality rates, and demographic variables (sex, age, region).
Main Results:
- Over 11.3 million hospital admissions due to CVD were recorded in Brazil between 2008 and 2017.
- The most affected age group was 50-79 years, with heart failure, other ischemic heart diseases, and stroke accounting for nearly half of all admissions.
- A total of 867,838 deaths were attributed to CVD, with a national mortality rate of 7.82.
Conclusions:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represented approximately 10% of all hospital admissions in Brazil during the study period.
- A notable decrease in CVD hospital admissions and mortality rates was observed over time.
- This decline suggests the positive impact of implemented governmental strategies for cardiovascular disease prevention.
Background:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the main cause of death and comorbidities worldwide. It is estimated that three quarters of all deaths related to CVD occur in low and middle income countries such as Brazil. Furthermore, it is estimated that emerging countries will present the highest worldwide prevalence of such diseases by 2050. In view of the above, this study aims to characterize Brazilian hospital admission distribution classified by the ICD-10 in adults between 2008 and 2017 in Brazil.
Methods:
This is a longitudinal descriptive study in which all data regarding hospital admissions registered in the Brazilian Hospital Information System of "Sistema Único de Saúde" (SIH/SUS) due to cardiovascular diseases (ICD-10) were included. All admissions from private or public services linked to the SUS from 2008 and 2017 were evaluated. The following variables were collected: number of hospital admissions, place of hospitalization classified by the ICD-10 and mortality rate at the federal level and according to regions. Absolute values and frequency of hospital admissions were grouped according to sex, age and living region as well as the number of deaths. The extracted data was stored in a Microsoft Excel 2013 program spreadsheet. Statistical analysis was performed by GraphPad Prism version 5.0 software.
Results:
There was a total of 11,345,821 hospital admissions due to CVD registered between 2008 and 2017. Individuals from 50 to 79 years old were the most affected. Heart failure (21.3%), other ischemic heart diseases (13.3%) and stroke (11.4%) were responsible for almost half of the hospital admissions associated to CVD. The number of registered deaths caused by any CVD was 867,838 and the national mortality rate was 7.82.
Conclusion:
CVD were responsible for around 10% of all hospital admissions in Brazil between 2008 and 2017. Moreover, it was possible to observe a decrease in hospital admissions as well as mortality rate over time after implementing governmental strategies to prevent cardiovascular diseases.
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