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VISTA: an immune regulatory protein checking tumor and immune cells in cancer immunotherapy

Xing Huang1,2,3, Xiaozhen Zhang4,5,6, Enliang Li4,5,6

  • 1Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China. huangxing66@zju.edu.cn.

Journal of Hematology & Oncology
|July 1, 2020
PubMed

Insights

VISTA (V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cell activation) has complex roles in cancer immunity. Its function as a homeostatic regulator suggests its therapeutic potential in cancer immunotherapy requires further investigation.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Receptor Signaling

Background:

  • VISTA (V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cell activation) is a known immune regulatory receptor.
  • Emerging pre-clinical data reveal complex and contradictory roles for VISTA in cancer immunity.
  • Understanding VISTA's dual function is critical for advancing cancer immunotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on VISTA's therapeutic phenotypes and molecular mechanisms in anti-cancer immunity.
  • To analyze the contradictory roles of VISTA in suppressing anti-cancer immune responses.
  • To evaluate the potential indeterminacy of VISTA-targeted cancer immunotherapy strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of VISTA's role in cancer immunity.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying VISTA's function.
  • In silico analysis of VISTA-targeted immunotherapy strategies.

Main Results:

  • VISTA exhibits complex and contradictory effects on anti-cancer immune responses.
  • VISTA acts as a homeostatic regulator, normalizing immune responses.
  • The precise regulatory role of VISTA in anti-cancer immunity is not fully elucidated.

Conclusions:

  • VISTA's multifaceted role complicates its use in cancer immunotherapy.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate VISTA's regulatory functions in anti-cancer immunity.
  • Targeting VISTA for cancer immunotherapy may require careful consideration of its homeostatic properties.
Keywords:
Cancer immunotherapyCo-inhibitionCo-stimulationImmune checkpointVISTA

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