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Characterizing variability in state-level regulations governing opioid treatment programs.

Joanna R Jackson1, Christopher A Harle2, Ross D Silverman3

  • 1Winthrop University, College of Business Administration, Department of Management and Marketing, Rock Hill, SC, United States of America.

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment
|July 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

State regulations for opioid treatment programs (OTPs) vary widely, with most not aligning with best practices. This inconsistency impacts access to essential addiction care for nearly one million Americans.

Keywords:
Medication-assisted treatmentOTPsOpioid treatment programsState regulations, legal mappingSubstance use disorder

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Policy
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • The opioid use crisis necessitates effective treatment solutions, with opioid treatment programs (OTPs) being an evidence-based modality.
  • Significant unmet treatment needs persist, highlighting the importance of accessible and effective OTPs.
  • State-level regulation of OTPs presents an opportunity to improve care delivery and address the opioid crisis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the variability in state laws regulating OTPs.
  • To examine the association between this regulatory variability and state characteristics.
  • To inform policy decisions aimed at improving access to and retention in OTPs.

Main Methods:

  • Policy mapping techniques were used to identify all state regulations governing OTPs as of January 1, 2017.
  • Regulations were assessed for consistency with best practice recommendations.
  • Statistical analysis examined the relationship between regulation characteristics and state attributes.

Main Results:

  • A total of 89 distinct regulations were identified, with many common regulations present in less than half of all states.
  • A majority (18 of 30) of the most common regulations were found to be inconsistent with best practice recommendations.
  • Variability in OTP regulations was associated with geographic location rather than state size.

Conclusions:

  • There is substantial variability in U.S. state regulations for opioid treatment programs.
  • Most state regulations governing OTPs are not aligned with established best practices.
  • Addressing regulatory inconsistencies could enhance access to and retention in vital addiction treatment services.