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Updated: Jun 28, 2026
Accuracy in Dental Medicine, A New Way to Measure Trueness and Precision
Published on: April 29, 2014
Comparison of three-dimensional digital technique with two-dimensional replica method for measuring marginal and
Mahya Hasanzade1, Soudabeh Koulivand2, Naeime Moslemian3
1Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Purpose:
This study compared digital (reference point matching) and replica methods for measuring marginal and internal fit of full coverage restorations.
Materials And Methods:
A maxillary left first molar typodent was fixed on to an aluminum base and prepared to receive all-ceramic full coverage restoration. The model was scanned with an intraoral scanner (CEREC Omnicam, Sirona, York, PA, USA). Twelve crowns were fabricated from lithium disilicate blocks (IPS emax CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent) and then crystalized. Marginal and internal fit of each restoration was measured by two examiners using replica and a new digital three-dimensional technique. Reliability between the two methods and two examiners was assessed by correlation and Cronbach's Alpha coefficient (P<.05). A Bland-Altman assessment for agreement was used to compare the two methods.
Results:
Bland-Altman assessment showed that the mean of difference for marginal, absolute marginal, and axial gap was respectively -1.04 µm, -41.9 µm, and -29.53 µm with limit of agreement (LOA) between -37.26 to 35.18 µm for marginal, -105.85 to 22.05 µm for absolute marginal and -80.52 to 22.02 µm for axial gap. Positive correlation for repeatability (P<.05) in determining marginal and internal gaps by the two examiners in both techniques was revealed. Reliability of both techniques in all sites of measurements was at least good (0.8 ≤ α < 0.9).
Conclusion:
Both measuring techniques appeared highly reliable for evaluating fit of fixed dental restorations, while reference point matching provided higher values in axial and absolute marginal gap assessment.
