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Back Pain in Children and Adolescents
Suraj Achar1, Jarrod Yamanaka2
1University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA.
American Family Physician
|July 1, 2020
Summary
Pediatric back pain has many causes, from muscle strain to serious conditions like infections. Prompt medical evaluation is crucial for persistent or severe symptoms in children and adolescents.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Orthopedics
- Musculoskeletal Medicine
- Adolescent Health
Background:
- Back pain is a frequent complaint in children and adolescents.
- Common causes include muscle strain, spinal deformities, and disc issues.
- Serious underlying conditions like malignancy and infections must be considered.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the common and serious causes of back pain in pediatric patients.
- To outline the essential components of a physical examination for pediatric back pain.
- To discuss diagnostic approaches and red flags for immediate evaluation.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature on pediatric back pain etiology and management.
- Emphasis on clinical presentation, physical examination findings.
- Discussion of imaging modalities and indications for referral.
Main Results:
- A wide spectrum of conditions can cause pediatric back pain.
- Physical examination guides diagnostic workup.
- Specific 'red flag' symptoms necessitate urgent investigation.
Conclusions:
- Accurate diagnosis of pediatric back pain relies on thorough history and physical exam.
- Imaging should be guided by clinical suspicion and red flag symptoms.
- Timely intervention is critical for favorable outcomes in serious cases.
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