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Related Experiment Videos

Altered T-lymphocyte subsets in severe sepsis.

M S Dahn1, M P Whitcomb, M P Lange

  • 1Department of Surgery and Immunology, V.A. Medical Center, Allen Park, Michigan.

The American Surgeon
|July 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Immune response in surgical patients can be predicted by analyzing T-cell subsets. Survivors of sepsis maintain normal T-cell levels, while nonsurvivors show a decline in helper T-cells, indicating a poor prognosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Surgical Critical Care

Background:

  • Sepsis and surgical injury significantly impact the immune system.
  • Understanding immune response is crucial for predicting patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the immune response in surgical patients following injury and sepsis.
  • To determine if T-cell subset analysis can predict patient prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Measured total lymphocyte counts and T-cell subsets (helper OKT4, suppressor OKT8) in septic and nonseptic patients.
  • Analyzed T-cell subpopulations and helper to suppressor cell ratios in relation to patient survival.

Main Results:

  • Total lymphocyte and T-cell levels decreased similarly in both injury and sepsis, lacking prognostic value.

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  • Septic survivors showed normal T-cell subpopulations and helper to suppressor ratios.
  • Septic nonsurvivors exhibited a selective depression of helper (OKT4) T-cells, with ratio decline correlating to mortality.
  • A helper to suppressor ratio below 0.6 was a consistent indicator of a fatal outcome.
  • Some septic nonsurvivors also showed a selective depression of suppressor (OKT8) lymphocytes, indicating an unfavorable prognosis.

    • Conclusions:

    • T-lymphocyte subpopulation analysis, particularly the helper to suppressor ratio, is a valuable predictor of hospital course in septic patients.
    • Monitoring T-cell subsets can aid in assessing prognosis and guiding clinical management.