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Decreased Body Temperature01:29

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A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
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Pearls and pitfalls: Cold-induced urticaria.

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Cold-induced urticaria, triggered by cold exposure, cryoglobulinemia, or genetics, can cause rapid swelling and hives. Recognizing this condition is crucial for managing potential anaphylaxis risks in patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Systemic Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

  • Cold-induced urticaria encompasses diverse etiologies including direct cold exposure, cryoglobulinemia, and genetic disorders like cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome.
  • This condition commonly affects younger individuals and presents a higher prevalence in females.
  • It is characterized by the rapid development of urticaria and/or angioedema following cold stimuli.

Observation:

  • A clinical case illustrating cold-induced urticaria and its typical sequelae is presented.
  • The review synthesizes information from the patient's clinical course and extensive literature search.
  • Focus is placed on understanding the pathophysiology, diagnostic challenges, and management strategies.

Findings:

  • Cold-induced urticaria is a complex condition with multiple potential triggers.
  • Differential diagnosis, underlying mechanisms, comprehensive workup, and treatment options are discussed.
  • The review highlights the potential for systemic reactions, including anaphylaxis.

Implications:

  • Increased awareness among healthcare providers regarding the varied presentations of cold-induced urticaria is essential.
  • Prompt recognition of anaphylaxis risk in patients with cold-induced urticaria is critical for timely intervention.
  • Understanding diagnostic pearls and management pitfalls can optimize patient care and outcomes.