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Unilateral pleural effusion with capillary haemangioma
Nozomi Kadota1, Manabu Murakami1, Ryosuke Imai1
1Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Thoracic Center St. Luke's International Hospital Tokyo 104-8560 Japan.
Respirology Case Reports
|July 2, 2020
Summary
Mediastinal hemangioma, a rare vascular tumor, can present with unilateral pleural effusion, mimicking lung cancer. This case highlights the importance of considering this rare diagnosis in differential evaluations.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Thoracic Surgery
- Diagnostic Imaging
Background:
- Mediastinal tumors represent a diverse group of neoplasms, with hemangiomas being a rare subtype.
- Unilateral pleural effusion is an uncommon presentation for mediastinal masses, often leading to misdiagnosis.
Observation:
- A 30-year-old female presented with a left lower pulmonary opacity on chest radiography, initially suspected as lung cancer or pleurisy.
- Surgical excision revealed a benign mediastinal vascular tumor (hemangioma) with coexisting exudative pleural effusion.
Findings:
- This specific presentation of mediastinal hemangioma with pleural effusion is exceedingly rare, occurring in less than 0.5% of mediastinal tumors.
- The pathogenic mechanism linking mediastinal hemangioma to pleural fluid accumulation remains undetermined.
Implications:
- Mediastinal hemangioma should be included in the differential diagnosis for patients presenting with unilateral pleural effusion, even if imaging suggests malignancy.
- Despite diagnostic challenges without surgical intervention, recognizing this rare association can improve patient management and diagnostic accuracy.
Keywords:
Benign vascular tumourhaemangiomamediastinal tumourpericardial tumourunilateral pleural effusionMore Related Videos
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