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Elevated serum growth differentiation factor 15 in multiple system atrophy patients: A case control study.

Tao Yue1, Hui Lu2, Xiao-Mei Yao3

  • 1Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China.

World Journal of Clinical Cases
|July 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Serum Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) levels are significantly elevated in Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) patients. This finding suggests GDF15 may serve as a valuable biomarker for diagnosing MSA, differentiating it from Parkinson's disease.

Keywords:
BiomarkerMultiple system atrophyNeurodegenerative diseaseParkinson’s diseaseReceiver-operating characteristic curveSerum growth differentiation factor 15

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder with limited early diagnostic biomarkers.
  • Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15), involved in central nervous system development, is a potential novel biomarker due to its presence in peripheral blood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate serum GDF15 levels in MSA patients compared to Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and healthy controls.
  • To assess the diagnostic value of GDF15 for MSA, including differentiating it from PD.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 49 MSA patients, 50 PD patients, and 50 healthy controls.
  • Serum GDF15 levels measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  • Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis employed to evaluate diagnostic accuracy.

Main Results:

  • Serum GDF15 levels were significantly higher in MSA patients than in PD patients and controls (P = 0.000).
  • Elevated GDF15 levels correlated with male sex and disease duration over three years.
  • GDF15 demonstrated potential diagnostic value, with specific cutoffs for distinguishing MSA from controls and PD.

Conclusions:

  • Significantly elevated serum GDF15 levels in MSA patients support its role as a potential diagnostic biomarker.
  • Findings offer insights into the potential etiology of MSA.