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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Overview
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Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
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Updated: Dec 16, 2025

Experimental Melanoma Immunotherapy Model Using Tumor Vaccination with a Hematopoietic Cytokine
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Cellular immunotherapies for cancer.

Conall Hayes1

  • 1School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. chayes@tcd.ie.

Irish Journal of Medical Science
|July 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Cellular immunotherapies, using living cells to fight cancer, have revolutionized treatment. This review covers T cell, NK cell, and dendritic cell-based therapies and their clinical trials.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Cancer poses a significant healthcare burden, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Immunotherapies, harnessing the immune system to combat cancer, have emerged as a revolutionary treatment modality.
  • Cellular immunotherapies, involving the administration of living cells, have seen significant advancements since 2010.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of immunotherapy principles.
  • To focus on major forms of cellular immunotherapies: T cell-based, NK cell-based, and dendritic cell (DC)-based therapies.
  • To detail clinical trials relevant to each cellular immunotherapy type.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on immunotherapies.
  • Detailed examination of T cell-based immunotherapies.
Keywords:
CAR-T cellsCancerImmunotherapyTCR-T cells

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  • Exploration of NK cell-based and DC-based immunotherapies, including Sipuleucel-T (Provenge).

    • Main Results:

    • Sipuleucel-T (Provenge) was the first cellular immunotherapy approved by the FDA in 2010.
    • Tisagenlecleucel (Kymriah) and axicabtagene ciloleucel (Yescarta) are subsequent FDA-approved cellular immunotherapies.
    • The review synthesizes information on the principles and clinical applications of various cellular immunotherapies.

    Conclusions:

    • Cellular immunotherapies represent a major advancement in cancer treatment.
    • Different cellular platforms, including T cells, NK cells, and DCs, offer distinct therapeutic approaches.
    • Ongoing clinical trials continue to expand the potential of cellular immunotherapies in oncology.