The Mammary Glands
External Female Genitals
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Updated: Dec 16, 2025

Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
Published on: May 17, 2024
Valeriano Vinci1, Costanzo Domenico2, Maione Luca1
1Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine BIOMETRA - Plastic Surgery Unit, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Plastic Surgery School, Humanitas Clinical and Research Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Breast implants have evolved significantly since their 1963 market release. Modern prostheses offer diverse options for augmentation and reconstruction, improving upon early designs.
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