Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Preparation of Acid Anhydrides01:07

Preparation of Acid Anhydrides

3.8K
One of the methods for preparing symmetrical or unsymmetrical acid anhydrides involves the treatment of acid chlorides with the sodium salt of carboxylic acids. The reaction proceeds via a nucleophilic acyl substitution.
The carboxylate ion acts as a nucleophile that attacks the carbonyl carbon of the acid chloride to form a tetrahedral intermediate. Subsequently, the re-formation of the carbonyl group with the loss of the chloride ion as a leaving group leads to the formation of an acid...
3.8K
Alkylation of β-Diester Enolates: Malonic Ester Synthesis01:14

Alkylation of β-Diester Enolates: Malonic Ester Synthesis

4.0K
Malonic ester synthesis is a method to obtain α substituted carboxylic acids from ꞵ-diesters such as diethyl malonate and alkyl halides.
4.0K
Aldehydes and Ketones with HCN: Cyanohydrin Formation Overview01:32

Aldehydes and Ketones with HCN: Cyanohydrin Formation Overview

3.7K
Cyanohydrins are compounds that contain –CN and –OH groups on the same carbon atom. They are formed by the nucleophilic addition of the cyanide ions to the carbonyl group. Cyanide ions are highly basic and nucleophilic and can be generated from HCN under aqueous conditions. However, since HCN is a weak acid, the number of cyanide ions generated is very small. Hence, a small amount of base or KCN/NaCN is added to HCN to increase the concentration of the cyanide ions in the reaction...
3.7K
Dehydration Synthesis01:15

Dehydration Synthesis

147.7K
Overview
Dehydration synthesis (also called a condensation reaction) is the chemical process in which two molecules covalently link together to form a new molecule, along with the release of a water molecule. Many physiologically important compounds form by dehydration synthesis reactions, such as complex carbohydrates, proteins, DNA, and RNA.
Synthesis of carbohydrates
Sugar molecules are covalently linked together by dehydration synthesis. During the reaction, the hydroxyl (-OH) group from...
147.7K
Dehydration of Aldols to Enals: Base-Catalyzed Aldol Condensation01:14

Dehydration of Aldols to Enals: Base-Catalyzed Aldol Condensation

6.7K
This lesson delves into the aldol condensation catalyzed by bases, where aldols undergo dehydration to enals. As shown in Figure 1, the β-hydroxy aldehyde formed in a base-catalyzed aldol addition reaction dehydrates on heating to yield an unsaturated carbonyl product, which is commonly referred to as an enal.
6.7K
Dehydration of Aldols to Enones: Acid-Catalyzed Aldol Condensation00:43

Dehydration of Aldols to Enones: Acid-Catalyzed Aldol Condensation

2.8K
As shown in Figure 1, under acidic conditions, the β-hydroxy ketone undergoes dehydration via an E1 elimination reaction to form an enone.
2.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Acid-Catalyzed Dehydrocoupling of Phosphines.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

Hydrodefluorination of a Fluorobenzene Equivalent by Harnessing a P(III)/Pd(II)-P(V)/Pd(0) Redox Couple Using a P-CF<b><sub>3</sub></b>-Functionalized Benzazaphosphole.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

Dealkylation as a Strategy to Synthesize Unconventional Lithium Salts from <i>ortho</i>-Phenyl-phosphonate-boranes.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

An All-O-Donor Family of Mn(II) and Mn(III) Complexes with Perfluorinated Alkoxide Ligands.

Inorganic chemistry·2025
Same author

Comparing {Mo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>} and {V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>} Cores in Aerobic Catalysts for Oxidative Alcohol Dehydrogenation.

Inorganic chemistry·2025
Same author

<sup>51</sup>V NMR Spectroscopy and Ring-Size Effects on Catalytic Oxidative Alcohol Dehydrogenation in {V(O)(μ<sub>2</sub>-O)(pin<sup>F</sup>)}<sub>n</sub> Oligomers.

Inorganic chemistry·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 16, 2025

Synthesis of Indoxyl-glycosides for Detection of Glycosidase Activities
09:10

Synthesis of Indoxyl-glycosides for Detection of Glycosidase Activities

Published on: May 27, 2015

7.0K

Synthesis of Anhydroryanodol.

Kang Du1, Matthew J Kier1, Zachary D Stempel1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Burke Laboratory, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers achieved a stereoselective synthesis of anhydroryanodol, a key step toward the total synthesis of ryanodol. This novel approach utilizes a unique annulation reaction for complex natural product synthesis.

More Related Videos

Regioselective O-Glycosylation of Nucleosides via the Temporary 2',3'-Diol Protection by a Boronic Ester for the Synthesis of Disaccharide Nucleosides
08:46

Regioselective O-Glycosylation of Nucleosides via the Temporary 2',3'-Diol Protection by a Boronic Ester for the Synthesis of Disaccharide Nucleosides

Published on: July 26, 2018

9.0K
Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives
08:43

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

Published on: January 19, 2016

10.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 16, 2025

Synthesis of Indoxyl-glycosides for Detection of Glycosidase Activities
09:10

Synthesis of Indoxyl-glycosides for Detection of Glycosidase Activities

Published on: May 27, 2015

7.0K
Regioselective O-Glycosylation of Nucleosides via the Temporary 2',3'-Diol Protection by a Boronic Ester for the Synthesis of Disaccharide Nucleosides
08:46

Regioselective O-Glycosylation of Nucleosides via the Temporary 2',3'-Diol Protection by a Boronic Ester for the Synthesis of Disaccharide Nucleosides

Published on: July 26, 2018

9.0K
Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives
08:43

Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

Published on: January 19, 2016

10.6K

Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Natural Product Synthesis
  • Synthetic Methodology

Background:

  • Ryanoids are a class of complex natural products with significant biological activity.
  • The intricate polycyclic and highly oxygenated structures of ryanoids present substantial synthetic challenges.
  • Existing synthetic methods are often insufficient for efficiently constructing the ryanoid core.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel stereoselective synthetic route towards ryanoids.
  • To achieve the formal total synthesis of ryanodol via anhydroryanodol.
  • To introduce and validate a new annulation reaction for complex molecule construction.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel annulation reaction involving metallacycle-mediated intramolecular coupling.
  • Application of the reaction to a highly functionalized enyne substrate.
  • Stereoselective synthesis of anhydroryanodol as a key intermediate.

Main Results:

  • Successful stereoselective synthesis of anhydroryanodol.
  • Demonstration of a novel metallacycle-mediated annulation reaction.
  • Outstanding stereoselection achieved in the coupling of a functionalized enyne.

Conclusions:

  • The study presents a significant advancement in the stereoselective synthesis of ryanoids.
  • The developed annulation reaction offers a powerful new tool for organic synthesis.
  • This work highlights the role of natural product synthesis in driving innovation in synthetic methodology.